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Rosa Parks on Race Relations	Grade Level:
When Rosa Parks declined to give up her bus seat to a white passenger, she had no idea that she would help spark a movement that would ultimately lead to the Civil Acts Right of 1964. She rose to the occasion, however, refusing to back down in the fight for equal rights despite being subjected to constant threats and harassment. At Girl Power!, you can read the inspiring story of Mrs. Parks' life, and explore the featured links to learn more about Black History Month and the Civil Rights Movement.
Topic: African American women social reformers; Civil rights--Biography; Parks, Rosa,--1913-; Race relations; Southern States--Race relations; United States--Race relations
URL: http://www.girlpower.gov/girlarea/gpguests/RosaParks.htm

Voices From the Gaps: Writers by Racial/Ethnic Background	Grade Level:
"Voices for the Gaps" is an excellent web site relating the struggles and accomplishments of many minority writers. This site covers bigotry and criticism of the current race relations offered to minority citizens. Links are provided for African-Americans, Asian-Americans, Hispanics, and Native-Americans. Written for an advanced reader, this site includes photographs and biographies that would be useful information to even younger viewers.
Topic: Minorities; Race relations
URL: http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/byAxes.html

Fatal Flood	Grade Level:
After weeks of rain in 1927, the Mississippi River broke levees and flooded areas from Illinois to New Orleans. A thousand people died and one million were left homeless as the flood waters devastated homes and towns. The Delta community of Greenville, Mississippi was particularly hard hit. The racial tensions between black sharecroppers and white landowners grew as relief supplies often reached only whites, African-Americans were forces to work double shifts rebuilding levees, and evacuation to safety was thwarted by landowners afraid to lose their workers.
Topic: Floods--Mississippi River; Race relations
URL: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flood/

Race - The Power of an Illusion	Grade Level:
What does race really mean? This PBS web site examines the concept of race. Print a sheet of ten quick facts about race. Try several interactive learning experiences to better understand race. You can sort people by their physical traits such as fingerprints, skin color and blood type. Explore the race timeline to see how ideas about race have changed over time. Take a quiz to test your knowledge of human diversity and watch four slideshows to understand how race can play a role in someone's life.
Topic: Race discrimination; Race relations; Racism
URL: http://www.pbs.org/race/000_General/000_00-Home.htm

Confusions About Human Races	Grade Level:
As our knowledge of human genetics has increased so has our understanding of the human race. This article looks at human variation and the four factors that are universally agreed upon. You will discover how these four factors are related to human genetics and the human race. You will also find out how the term "race" has been returned to the science of biology after years of being used as a social term. Additional, related articles can be accessed from this page.
Topic: Genetics; Race relations; Variation (Biology)
URL: http://raceandgenomics.ssrc.org/Lewontin/

Tutu and Franklin: A Journey To Peace	Grade Level:
Desmond Tutu and John Franklin are joined by an inter racial group of twenty-one high school students. As a team, they interact with one another and co-operate in a series of candid encounters on race and begin an emotional journey towards racial understanding. Challenged by Tutu and Franklin, the teenagers directly and emotionally, share their personal stories, and confront their ethnic stereotypes about each other.
Topic: Blacks; Blacks--Africa; Race relations
URL: http://www.pbs.org/journeytopeace/

Newark: A Brief History	Grade Level:
PBS completed a documentary on radical transformation of one of the poorest cities in the United States, Newark, New Jersey. While some portions of this site are dedicated to the history of the city, most of the information covers Newark's racial diversity. You will discover how this city has become New Jersey's largest city and largest community of Portuguese immigrants in the US. Photographs and charts provide further insight into Newark's growth.
Topic: Immigrants--United States; Newark (N.J.); Race relations
URL: http://www.pbs.org/pov/pov2005/streetfight/special_overview.html

An Educational, Historical Study Of The Ku Klux Klan	Grade Level:
The information on this web site is provided by the Indiana Historical Research Foundation which assisted with the production of a television special "Ku Klux Klan: A Secret History." Information is provided in link format to a variety of topics. The information includes "little known, but documented facts which disprove many myths about the KKK and give an accurate history of the Klan," "rare original Ku Klux Klan memorabilia and other related original collectibles," historical color and black and white KKK photographs, and more.
Topic: Ku Klux Klan; Race discrimination; Race relations
URL: http://www.kkklan.com/

Ku Klux Klan	Grade Level:
Although the Ku Klux Klan is suffering its greatest decline in membership since the 1940's, it still "continues to operate on a local level, in some instances still engaging in illegal acts of violence and intimidation." Local Klan organizations, which exist today are The Christian Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, The Keystone Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Knights of the White Camellia Ku Klux Klan, and others. The author provides a brief description of each organization and their activities.
Topic: Ku Klux Klan; Race discrimination; Race relations
URL: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/KKK.html

Ku Klux Klan	Grade Level:
"Former Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest founded the original Ku Klux Klan following the War between the States in order to protect the widows and orphans of the Confederate dead." The author tells of the original name of the Ku Klux Klan. This short article about the Ku Klux Klan relates how the Klan disbanded and then was reformed approximately forty years later. This site, hosted by the University of Virginia, provides interesting factual information about the Ku Klux Klan.
Topic: Ku Klux Klan; Race discrimination; Race relations
URL: http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG97/stone/klan.html

The KKK in Saskatchewan	Grade Level:
"Children don't learn about it in their history classes in Saskatchewan schools. The history books that meticulously document the past of just about every Saskatchewan community manage to avoid mention of it altogether." The author recounts the 1920's and 1930's when the KKK was active in Saskatchewan wielding "such influence that the Klan's Grand Wizard in this province met the premier of the day in a public debate." The author provides quotes as people remember the times and activities. Discussion is presented concerning the motivation for the Klan in Saskatchewan.
Topic: Ku Klux Klan; Race discrimination; Race relations
URL: http://www.world-spectator.com/archives.25.html

U.S. Map of Hate Groups	Grade Level:
"The Ku Klux Klan, with its mystique and its long history of violence, is the most infamous -- and oldest -- of American hate groups." The author provides a brief history of the beginning of the organization stating that "since the 1970s the Klan has been greatly weakened by internal conflicts, court cases, a seemingly endless series of splits and government infiltration." A list is presented of Ku Klux Klan chapters organized by state and city. The list is accurate as of 2002.
Topic: Ku Klux Klan; Race discrimination; Race relations
URL: http://www.tolerance.org/maps/hate/index.html

Test of Courage	Grade Level:
While many children dream of becoming a firefighter, only a select few actually make the cut. "Test of Courage," a PBS documentary, offers a look at the process of becoming a firefighter, featuring a diary of a new recruit and an article on what life is like for many firefighters. When you're done browsing, take the online aptitude test to see if you have some of the necessary skills to earn the title of firefighter.
Topic: Courage; Fire fighters; Occupations; Race discrimination; Race relations
URL: http://www.pbs.org/testofcourage/

Tolerance.org	Grade Level:
Racial discrimination can be a difficult problem to approach because it is so emotional in nature. The Southern Poverty Law Center provides this resource for helping define and fight racial intolerance. Many thought provoking activities help the user define possible biases in personal attitudes, writing and literature, commonly used icons, and in American history. Explore ways to fight hatred and support tolerance among others. Study stories in the news and see how hatred is fueled by various hate groups. Additional materials are downloadable or can be viewed online.
Topic: Discrimination; Hate crimes; Race discrimination; Race relations; Racism
URL: http://www.tolerance.org/

Self Esteem in Children of Color	Grade Level:
This site provides a very interesting read for those who have or interact with children of color. The article is a reprint of an article by Jan McFarlane from Adoptive Families magazine. It is written from an adoptive parent's viewpoint but goes beyond the personal experiences of the author. The ending poses questions for those considering adopting transracially. Most of the article offers information that would be very informative and thought provoking for those wanting to foster self-esteem in all children and especially children of color.
Topic: Adoption; Emotions; Ethnic relations; Parenting; Race relations; Self-esteem
URL: http://www.nysccc.org/T-Rarts/selfesteem.htm

Jack (John Arthur) Johnson	Grade Level:
AfricanAmericans.com comprises more than seven hundred fifty pages of material about the African American community, including such topics as black history, African American art, slavery, and the civil rights movement. The site also features the profiles of famous African American leaders and celebrities, such as Jack (John Arthur) Johnson, the first African American heavyweight boxing champion. Six images complement this entry on Johnson, including a diagram of the wrench the boxer patented on April 18, 1922.
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://www.africanamericans.com/JackJohnson.htm

Jack (John Arthur) Johnson (1878-1946)	Grade Level:
In 1991, the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture at the New York Public Library published Harlem: 1900-1940. This web site, based on that text, features an entry on Jack (John Arthur) Johnson, the world's first African-American heavyweight champion. Born in Galveston, Texas, in 1878, Johnson, the son of a former slave, left school after fifth grade and worked an assortment of odd jobs, eventually becoming a sparring partner and then a fighter in matches to entertain white spectators. The biography at this site chronicles his achievements in the ring and includes one image.
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://www.si.umich.edu/CHICO/Harlem/text/jajohnson.html

Johnson, Jack	Grade Level:
The Handbook of Texas Online, sponsored by the Texas State Historical Association and the General Libraries at the University of Texas (Austin), comprises more than twenty-three hundred articles on the culture, history, and geography of Texas. The Handbook includes an entry on Jack Johnson, the first African American to win the world heavyweight boxing championship. Johnson, the son of a former slave, was born in Galveston in 1878. The article notes, "He began his fighting career as a sparring partner and participated in so-called battles royal, where black youths fought each other and white spectators threw money to the winner."
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/JJ/fjo14.html

Jack Johnson	Grade Level:
In 1910, Jack Johnson became the first African American heavyweight boxing champion, a title he held until 1915. His achievements in the ring, however, occurred during a time in United States history when many parts of the country enforced laws about segregation (the separation of people based on their race). Johnson's success, then, resulted in racial tension. This Encarta entry, which features a photograph of Johnson, includes biographical data and attempts to explain the effects of Johnson's title.
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxers (Sports); Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761560103/Jack_Johnson.html

Jack Johnson	Grade Level:
The web site for the International Boxing Hall of Fame (IBHOF) features biographies of each of the IBHOF "enshrinees," including Jack Johnson, the first African American heavyweight boxing champion; Johnson was inducted posthumously in 1990. The IBHOF biography of Johnson, which was excerpted from The Boxing Register by James B. Roberts and Alexander G. Skutt, includes this observation: "Even though he was an obvious contender for the crown, Johnson was repeatedly refused a shot at the heavyweight title because of his race."
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://www.ibhof.com/jjohnson.htm

Jack Johnson and the Great White Hope	Grade Level:
In his article, "Jack Johnson and the Great White Hope," which appeared in the January 2005 issue of Ebony magazine, Lerone Bennett, Jr., observed, "No other single event dug so deep into world consciousness until the Lindbergh flight [seventeen] years later. More reporters covered it than covered the Russo-Japanese War, and it received more space in British newspapers than major events of the Boer War." Bennett is, of course, introducing his subject, Jack Johnson and the boxer's 1910 prizefight with "the Great White Hope of the Western World," Jim Jeffries.
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://www.looksmarthouston.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_3_60/ai_n8964895

Johnson Boxed, Lived on Own Terms	Grade Level:
As part of its SportsCentury retrospective, ESPN prepared biographies of the great North American athletes of the twentieth century. Jack Johnson, the first black man to hold the world heavyweight championship title, appears in the list of one hundred key athletes. In the article "Johnson Boxed, Lived on Own Terms," Ron Flatter notes, "Johnson is still considered one of the best, most powerful counter-punchers who ever stepped in a ring But Johnson is often remembered more for a flamboyant lifestyle that, coupled with his skin color in 'White America,' inspired unprecedented controversy and even rioting."
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://espn.go.com/sportscentury/features/00014275.html

Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson	Grade Level:
In early 2005, PBS broadcasted the Ken Burns film, Unforgivable Blackness, a documentary about Jack Johnson, "the first African-American Heavyweight Champion of the World, whose dominance over his white opponents spurred furious debates and race riots in the early [twentieth] century." This virtual companion to the documentary provides four articles: "Rebel of the Progressive Era," "Sparring," "Knockout," and "Ghost in the House." Photographs complement each of the articles. Other site highlights include teaching resources and the Flash feature, "Fight of the Century," which is rife with images and audio clips.
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations
URL: http://www.pbs.org/unforgivableblackness/

Jack Johnson	Grade Level:
Famous Texans features the biographies of notable entertainers, athletes, politicians, and others. Arthur John (Jack) Johnson was born in Galveston in 1878, the son of a former slave. Johnson left school after fifth grade and worked an assortment of odd jobs, eventually becoming a sparring partner and then a fighter in matches to entertain white spectators. Johnson became a professional boxer in 1897 and later the heavyweight Negro champion. His win against the white champion, Jim Jeffries, sparked race riots. The biography at this site includes a sketch of the boxer.
Topic: African American athletes--Biography; Boxing; Johnson, Jack,--1878-1946; Race relations; Texas--History
URL: http://www.famoustexans.com/jackjohnson.htm

Brief History of Ku Klux Klan: Focusing on Their Use of the Flag	Grade Level:
The focus of this article is on the historical use of the Ku Klux Klan flag. The history of the symbol is discussed stating that it is one of the most popular designs representing the Old South, and is often misunderstood, misused, and frequently abused. The Klan symbol and flag are analyzed and discussed. The author provides a brief history of the Ku Klux Klan followed by a short side-trip to where "we are today, as compared to the past few centuries." Very informative and interesting!
Topic: Ku Klux Klan
URL: http://www.pointsouth.com/csanet/kkk.htm